2,996 research outputs found
Towards Accurate Multi-person Pose Estimation in the Wild
We propose a method for multi-person detection and 2-D pose estimation that
achieves state-of-art results on the challenging COCO keypoints task. It is a
simple, yet powerful, top-down approach consisting of two stages.
In the first stage, we predict the location and scale of boxes which are
likely to contain people; for this we use the Faster RCNN detector. In the
second stage, we estimate the keypoints of the person potentially contained in
each proposed bounding box. For each keypoint type we predict dense heatmaps
and offsets using a fully convolutional ResNet. To combine these outputs we
introduce a novel aggregation procedure to obtain highly localized keypoint
predictions. We also use a novel form of keypoint-based Non-Maximum-Suppression
(NMS), instead of the cruder box-level NMS, and a novel form of keypoint-based
confidence score estimation, instead of box-level scoring.
Trained on COCO data alone, our final system achieves average precision of
0.649 on the COCO test-dev set and the 0.643 test-standard sets, outperforming
the winner of the 2016 COCO keypoints challenge and other recent state-of-art.
Further, by using additional in-house labeled data we obtain an even higher
average precision of 0.685 on the test-dev set and 0.673 on the test-standard
set, more than 5% absolute improvement compared to the previous best performing
method on the same dataset.Comment: Paper describing an improved version of the G-RMI entry to the 2016
COCO keypoints challenge (http://image-net.org/challenges/ilsvrc+coco2016).
Camera ready version to appear in the Proceedings of CVPR 201
Neck-cooling improves repeated sprint performance in the heat
The present study evaluated the effect of neck-cooling during exercise on repeated sprint ability in a hot environment. Seven team-sport playing males completed two experimental trials involving repeated sprint exercise (5 × 6 s) before and after two 45 min bouts of a football specific intermittent treadmill protocol in the heat (33.0 ± 0.2°C; 53 ± 2% relative humidity). Participants wore a neck-cooling collar in one of the trials (CC). Mean power output and peak power output declined over time in both trials but were higher in CC (540 ± 99 v 507 ± 122 W, d = 0.32; 719 ± 158 v 680 ± 182 W, d = 0.24 respectively). The improved power output was particularly pronounced (d = 0.51–0.88) after the 2nd 45 min bout but the CC had no effect on % fatigue. The collar lowered neck temperature and the thermal sensation of the neck (P 0.05). There were no trial differences but interaction effects were demonstrated for prolactin concentration and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Prolactin concentration was initially higher in the collar cold trial and then was lower from 45 min onwards (interaction trial × time P = 0.04). RPE was lower during the football intermittent treadmill protocol in the collar cold trial (interaction trial × time P = 0.01). Neck-cooling during exercise improves repeated sprint performance in a hot environment without altering physiological or neuroendocrinological responses. RPE is reduced and may partially explain the performance improvement
Issues on Mechanical Properties of 3D Prints
This project studied variation of material properties, particularly the Young’s modulus, under different 3D prints orientation using three different approaches. Experimentally, we created a testing apparatus that would hold cantilever beam test specimens. For numerical analysis, we remade the model with the printing pattern in Solidworks and used finite element analysis to compare experimental results to the theoretical results. We also researched microstructures for justification of variance in 3D prints due to certain print settings. The results have shown that mechanical properties of 3D prints varies with the manufacturing setting, for example, print orientation has an effect on the Young’s modulus of 3D prints under print orientation
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Discovery of high-entropy ceramics via machine learning
AbstractAlthough high-entropy materials are attracting considerable interest due to a combination of useful properties and promising applications, predicting their formation remains a hindrance for rational discovery of new systems. Experimental approaches are based on physical intuition and/or expensive trial and error strategies. Most computational methods rely on the availability of sufficient experimental data and computational power. Machine learning (ML) applied to materials science can accelerate development and reduce costs. In this study, we propose an ML method, leveraging thermodynamic and compositional attributes of a given material for predicting the synthesizability (i.e., entropy-forming ability) of disordered metal carbides. The relative importance of the thermodynamic and compositional features for the predictions are then explored. The approach’s suitability is demonstrated by comparing values calculated with density functional theory to ML predictions. Finally, the model is employed to predict the entropy-forming ability of 70 new compositions; several predictions are validated by additional density functional theory calculations and experimental synthesis, corroborating the effectiveness in exploring vast compositional spaces in a high-throughput manner. Importantly, seven compositions are selected specifically, because they contain all three of the Group VI elements (Cr, Mo, and W), which do not form room temperature-stable rock-salt monocarbides. Incorporating the Group VI elements into the rock-salt structure provides further opportunity for tuning the electronic structure and potentially material performance
Simultaneously sorting overlapping quantum states of light
The efficient manipulation, sorting, and measurement of optical modes and
single-photon states is fundamental to classical and quantum science. Here, we
realise simultaneous and efficient sorting of non-orthogonal, overlapping
states of light, encoded in the transverse spatial degree of freedom. We use a
specifically designed multi-plane light converter (MPLC) to sort states encoded
in dimensions ranging from to . Through the use of an auxiliary
output mode, the MPLC simultaneously performs the unitary operation required
for unambiguous discrimination and the basis change for the outcomes to be
spatially separated. Our results lay the groundwork for optimal image
identification and classification via optical networks, with potential
applications ranging from self-driving cars to quantum communication systems
DynamicRead: Exploring Robust Gaze Interaction Methods for Reading on Handheld Mobile Devices under Dynamic Conditions
Enabling gaze interaction in real-time on handheld mobile devices has
attracted significant attention in recent years. An increasing number of
research projects have focused on sophisticated appearance-based deep learning
models to enhance the precision of gaze estimation on smartphones. This
inspires important research questions, including how the gaze can be used in a
real-time application, and what type of gaze interaction methods are preferable
under dynamic conditions in terms of both user acceptance and delivering
reliable performance. To address these questions, we design four types of gaze
scrolling techniques: three explicit technique based on Gaze Gesture, Dwell
time, and Pursuit; and one implicit technique based on reading speed to support
touch-free, page-scrolling on a reading application. We conduct a
20-participant user study under both sitting and walking settings and our
results reveal that Gaze Gesture and Dwell time-based interfaces are more
robust while walking and Gaze Gesture has achieved consistently good scores on
usability while not causing high cognitive workload.Comment: Accepted by ETRA 2023 as Full paper, and as journal paper in
Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interactio
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